QLAC 101

August 15, 2024

If you’ve saved well for retirement, then you may find you can cover your living expenses without needing to withdraw from your retirement accounts. But if you think that by age 73, you won’t need your full required minimum distributions or RMDs, then you might want to consider getting a qualified longevity annuity contract, or QLAC. 

Anyone between the age of 18 and 75 can purchase a QLAC, but there may be some people that this annuity makes more sense for. If you’re looking to avoid the market risk on some retirement accounts and ensure a steady, guaranteed income in retirement, a QLAC is probably a good fit for you. If you also have concerns about the longevity of your savings and having enough money later in life, then you may benefit from a QLAC. 

Here’s everything you need to know about a QLAC before deciding if it’s right for you.

How a QVAC Could Lower Your RMDs

A QLAC is a deferred fixed annuity contract sold by insurance and financial companies that you purchase with money from a retirement account, like a 401(k) or an individual retirement account (IRA).It’s important to know that Roth IRAs cannot be used to purchase QLACs as they do not come with RMDs to begin with.

RMDs are mandated starting at the age of 73 as of this year, but that will rise to age 75 in 2033. One appeal of the QLAC is that it can reduce the balance in your retirement accounts used to calculate those RMDs. “People tend to spend their RMDs,” says Steven Kaye, a financial planner in Warren, New Jersey. “So a QLAC forces people—in a good way—to leave more money in their IRAs,” he says.

One way to avoid using your RMDs is to use the funds from one of your retirement accounts to purchase a QLAC, which will guarantee that you receive regular payments for as long as you live. “So, if you used 25% of a $400,000 qualified account, your $100,000 purchase of a QLAC would immediately reduce your RMDs by 25%,” says Jerry Golden, investment advisor.  “And the income from a QLAC could be deferred until as late as age 85,” he says.

When you choose a QLAC, you’ll be able to set your payout date, which is when you’ll begin receiving payments. Just like with Social Security, the longer you wait to receive payments, the higher the payments will be. Once you have a QLAC, you’ll be able to delay RMDs until the payout date of your QLAC, which can be no later than age 85.

The Tax Benefits of Having a QLAC

Once you withdraw money from your QLAC, you’ll need to pay income taxes on it. However, a QLAC can be an efficient tax planning strategy. For example, by using $100,000 of a traditional IRA to purchase a QLAC, you’ll reduce the balance of your IRA by $100,000, which will lower the amount you’ll need to take out for RMDs. The lower your RMD, the lower your income will be on that, which could significantly reduce the income tax you’ll owe.

QLAC Contribution Limits and Inflation Riders

You are now permitted to buy a QLAC for up to $200,000 from an eligible retirement plan. Previously, you were limited to whichever was lesser of $145,000 or 25% of your account balance. The current $200,000 upper limit is a combined cap that applies to all of your eligible retirement accounts, even if you take money from different accounts or purchase more than one QLAC. But if you and your spouse have your own eligible retirement accounts, then you can each spend up to the $200,000 limit on your own QLACs.

Since a QLAC locks in future payments, you are protecting your retirement money from market dips later in life. But unless you purchase an inflation rider with your QLAC, which will lower the initial amounts you receive from an annuity, your monthly payment may lose value over time.If you’re considering acquiring a QLAC, then you’ll want to work with a financial advisor to make sure you’re picking the right one.

Considering Your Spouse When Purchasing a QLAC

Some QLACs offer a survivor payout, also referred to as contingent annuity payments. These would continue your annuity payments to your designated beneficiary, which is usually a spouse, after your death. Other QLACs offer death benefits that would return any unused premiums to your beneficiaries through a lump sum or series of payments. If you have a spouse or individuals who will depend on your annuity after your passing, then you need to make sure any QLAC you choose has one of these features. Without these features in your annuity, your survivors would get nothing.

In addition to making sure your QLAC comes with a survivor payout or death benefit, you may also consider getting a joint QLAC with your spouse. If you’re married, a joint QLAC would provide income payments that continue for as long as one of you is alive. The only downside to choosing a joint contract is that it decreases your income payments, compared to a single life contract.

When a QLAC Isn’t For You

If you’re 65 and in poor health, you probably don’t want to wait until age 85 to start receiving income payments, so a QLAC may not benefit you at all. “If the probabilities are that you have a longer than average life expectancy, QLACs can be a windfall,” says Artie Green, a financial planner. “But if you have a shorter than expected longevity, of course, that works against you with any annuitization.” QLAC recipients can use their funds on whatever they want, but often they spend it on late-in-life health care or housing costs. The purpose of a QLAC is longevity protection that could minimize or even eliminate the risks of running out of money.

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There are really only two scenarios in which a QLAC is a good fit. The first is if you have reached age 73 and do not need your RMDs to cover expenses. The second is if you think you’ll reach 73 and not have enough funds to pull from. QLACs can be a safeguard that guarantees you an income late in life, while also reducing your need for RMDs and even lowering your income taxes on them. At Insureyouknow.org, you may keep all of your financial and retirement planning in one place, making it easy for you to forecast and plan for your future.

2024 Changes that Would Impact Your Retirement Finances

April 1, 2024

Changes to retirement regulations are making 2024 out to be the perfect time to reexamine your retirement planning and make sure you’re getting the most out of your savings.

“The rules are constantly changing,” says director of Personal Retirement Product Management at Bank of America Debra Greenberg. “It’s always a good idea to familiarize yourself with what’s new to see whether it makes sense to take advantage of it.”

Here’s what you should know about several changes to retirement regulations in 2024.

It Pays to Plan for Retirement

While the changes to retirement regulations may seem small, Americans need all the help they can get right now. According to the National Council on Aging, up to 80% of older adults are at risk of dealing with economic insecurity as they age, while half of all Americans report being behind on their retirement savings goals.

“The IRS adjusts many things each year to reflect cost of living and inflation,” says Jackson Hewitt’s chief tax information officer Mark Steber. “It happens each year and taxpayers shouldn’t be alarmed — they might even have a bigger benefit.” Since retirement contributions are pre-tax, saving for retirement actually lowers your taxable income, which may even place you into a lower tax bracket. Plus, you may even be eligible for a tax credit of up to 50% of what you put into your retirement accounts.

Contribution Limits Will Increase

The contribution limits for a traditional or Roth IRA are increasing in 2024. The limit on annual contributions to an IRA will go up to $7,000, up from $6,500 last year.

Individuals will be able to contribute more to their 401(k) and employer-based plans as well. For those who have a 401(k), 403(b), most 457 plans, or the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan, the contribution limit is increasing to $23,000 in 2024, which is $500 more than last year. Those who are 50 and older, can contribute up to $30,500 into the same accounts.

Starter 401k Plans are Possible

In 2024, employers who don’t sponsor a retirement plan may offer a Starter 401(k) deferral-only arrangement. A starter 401(k) is a simplified employer-sponsored retirement plan with lower saving limits than a standard 401(k). Employers are not allowed to make contributions, and employee auto-enrollment is required. In 2024, the annual contribution limit to this plan will be $6,000. Beginning this year, employees with certain qualifiable emergencies may also make penalty-free withdrawals from their 401(k) of up to $1,000, though they would still have to pay the income tax on those withdrawals.

529 Plans Can Now be Converted Into Roths

For parents who will no longer need their 529 funds for their children, the Secure 2.0 Act will allow for a portion of the 529 to be rolled into a Roth IRA. Beginning January 1st, the funds can either be used for educational expenses or put toward retirement, as a Roth IRA rollover. You may rollover up to $35,000, free of income tax or any tax penalties. The only limitations are that the 529 must have been in place for at least 15 years, and certain states may not allow the rollover.

Changes to Social Security and RMDs

In January, Social Security checks will increase by 3.2% due to the latest COLA, or cost-of-living adjustment. On average, Social Security monthly benefits will increase by $59 a month, from $1,848 to $1,907. Those who receive survivors or spousal benefits will receive even more.

For 2024, the maximum benefit for a worker who claims Social Security at FRA (Full Retirement Age)is $3,822 a month, which is up from $3,627 in 2023. For 2024, the FRA is 66 years and 6 months for those born in 1957 and 66 years and 8 months for those born in 1958. That means that anyone born between July 2, 1957 through May 1, 1958 will reach FRA in 2024.

The IRS uses a calculation based on the amount in your retirement account and your life expectancy to determine the minimum amount you are required to take out each year, known as RMDs (required minimum distributions). Secure 2.0 increased the age for starting RMDs from 72 to 73, effective in 2023. If you are subject to RMDs, then you must make your withdrawal by the end of this year or by April 1st next year if it’s your first year being eligible. So if you turn 73 in 2024, you’ll have until April 1, 2025 to make your first RMD.

Rising Medicare Costs

Anyone receiving more Social Security but paying Medicare premiums may not feel much of a difference in their increased Social Security benefits since standard Medicare Part B premiums are rising by 6%. As many participants have their Medicare premium deducted right from their Social Security payment, the $9.80 increase will take a portion of the average $59 benefit increase. The annual deductible will also increase this year from $226 to $240.

Insureyouknow.org It will always be important to review your retirement savings every year, but this is  becoming even more important to do in the face of rising costs and changing regulations. With Insureyouknow.org, storing all of your financial information in one easy-to-review place can help you ensure that you are still on track to meet your retirement goals at the start of each annual review.

Look Forward to Increases in Your 401(k) Limits

October 31, 2022

The amount you can contribute to your 401(k) plan in 2023 has increased to $22,500, up from $20,500 for 2022. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) announced this change and issued technical guidance regarding all of the cost‑of‑living adjustments affecting dollar limitations for pension plans and other retirement-related items for the tax year 2023 in Notice 2022-55 posted on IRS.gov.

Highlights of changes for 2023

This contribution limit applies to employees who participate in 401(k), 403(b), most 457 plans, and the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan.

The limit on annual contributions to an IRA increased to $6,500, up from $6,000. The IRA catch-up contribution limit for individuals aged 50 and over is not subject to an annual cost‑of‑living adjustment and remains $1,000.

The catch-up contribution limit for employees aged 50 and over who participate in 401(k), 403(b), most 457 plans, and the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan has increased to $7,500, up from $6,500. Participants in 401(k), 403(b), most 457 plans, and the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan who are 50 and older can contribute up to $30,000, starting in 2023.

The catch-up contribution limit for employees aged 50 and over who participate in SIMPLE (Savings Incentive Match PLan for Employees) plans has increased to $3,500, up from $3,000. (This plan allows employees and employers to contribute to traditional IRAs set up for employees. It is ideally suited as a start-up retirement savings plan for small employers not currently sponsoring a retirement plan.)

The income ranges for determining eligibility to make deductible contributions to traditional Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs), to contribute to Roth IRAs, and to claim the Saver’s Credit all increased for 2023.

Taxpayers can deduct contributions to a traditional IRA if they meet certain conditions. If during the year either the taxpayer or the taxpayer’s spouse was covered by a retirement plan at work, the deduction may be reduced, or phased out, until it is eliminated, depending on filing status and income. (If neither the taxpayer nor the spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work, the phase-outs of the deduction do not apply.)

Phase-out ranges

In a traditional IRA deduction phase-out, taxpayers can deduct contributions if they meet certain conditions. If during the year either they or their spouse was covered by a retirement plan at work, the deduction may be phased out until it is eliminated, depending on filing status, and adjusted gross income (AGI):

• For single people covered by a workplace retirement plan, the IRA phase-out range is $73,000 to $83,000, up from $68,000 to $78,000.
• For married couples filing jointly, where the spouse making the IRA contribution is covered by a workplace retirement plan, the phase-out range is $116,000 to $136,000, up from $109,000 to $129,000.
• For an IRA contributor who is not covered by a workplace retirement plan and is married to someone who is covered, the deduction is phased out if the couple’s income is between $218,000 and $228,000, up from $204,000 and $214,000.
• For married individuals filing a separate return who are covered by a workplace retirement plan, if they lived with their spouse at any time during the year, the phase-out range is not subject to an annual cost-of-living adjustment and remains $0 to $10,000.

For a Roth IRA income phase-out, AGI ranges for taxpayers include the following provisions:

• The income phase-out range for singles and heads of household is $138,000 to $153,000, up from $129,000 to $144,000.
• The income phase-out range for married couples filing jointly is $218,000 to $228,000, up from $204,000 to $214,000.
• For married individuals filing a separate return, if they lived with their spouse at any time during the year, the phase-out range is not subject to an annual cost-of-living adjustment and remains $0 to $10,000.

The 2023 income limit for the Saver’s Credit (also known as the Retirement Savings Contributions Credit) for low- and moderate-income workers has increased to:

• $73,000 for married couples filing jointly, up from $68,000.
• $54,750 for heads of household, up from $51,000.
• $36,500 for singles and married individuals filing separately, up from $34,000.
• For a married individual filing a separate return who is covered by a workplace retirement plan, the phase-out range is not subject to an annual cost-of-living adjustment and remains between $0 and $10,000.

The amount individuals can contribute to their SIMPLE retirement accounts has increased to $15,500, up from $14,000.

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After you review the IRS retirement plan changes for 2023, keep a record at insureyouknow.org of your retirement accounts so you’ll be able to take advantage of the new limits for your contributions and deductions.