10 Things to Know About Beneficiary Designation

October 1, 2025

When people think about estate planning, they often focus on wills, trusts, and last wills and testaments. But one of the most powerful tools you already use, and might be overlooking, is beneficiary designation. These designations on life insurance policies, retirement accounts, and payable-on-death (POD) or transfer-on-death (TOD) accounts determine exactly who receives those assets, often outside the probate process.

The Department of Labor estimates that 15% to 40% of beneficiary designation forms contain errors that can delay or even prevent an inheritance from being received. Even worse, mistakes are common: a 2023 survey by MassMutual found that one in five Americans has never updated beneficiaries after significant life changes such as marriage, divorce, or the birth of a child.

“Beneficiary designations are powerful legal documents that override what your will may say,” says Christine Benz, Director of Personal Finance at Morningstar. “If you don’t review them regularly, you may unintentionally disinherit your loved ones.”

Here are ten essential things you should know about beneficiary designations.

1. Beneficiary designations often override your will

Assets with beneficiary designations usually pass outside probate and independently of your will. That means if your will leaves “everything to my children” but your life insurance still names an ex-spouse, the ex-spouse will likely inherit those funds.

2. Always name both primary and contingent beneficiaries

Without a contingent beneficiary, if the primary beneficiary predeceases you, the account may revert to your estate and go through probate. “Naming backups ensures your wishes are carried out even if life takes unexpected turns,” says David Frederick, Director of Client Success at First Bank Wealth Management.

3. Use precise, unambiguous language

Simple errors — misspelled names, missing dates of birth, or vague terms like “my children” — can delay distributions or spark disputes. Include full legal names and identifiers wherever possible.

4. Be careful naming minors or vulnerable beneficiaries

If you leave money directly to a minor, a court may appoint a guardian to manage the funds on their behalf. Likewise, naming a person with special needs may jeopardize their eligibility for government benefits. In these cases, a trust is often the safer route.

5. Update after significant life changes

Marriage, divorce, births, or deaths all require updates to your designations. A 2022 Fidelity report found that more than 30% of account holders had an ex-partner still listed as a beneficiary. “Life changes — and your beneficiary designations need to change along with it,” says Jina Etienne, CPA and estate planning educator.

6. Avoid naming your estate as a beneficiary

Although allowed in some settings, naming your estate as a beneficiary usually negates many of the advantages of beneficiary designation — primarily, probate avoidance. If the asset passes through your estate, it may be subject to probate, court costs, delays, and potential claims by creditors. It could also accelerate taxation in certain retirement accounts. For example, when an estate is the beneficiary of an IRA, required distributions must be completed within five years.

7. Understand tax implications

Beneficiary designations don’t just control who receives assets — they also shape how they receive them. Under the SECURE Act, most non-spouse beneficiaries must withdraw inherited retirement accounts within 10 years. That rule can create significant tax burdens if not carefully planned for. Trusts and other strategies can help distribute assets more tax-efficiently, but they need to be set up correctly.

8. Double-check execution and form requirements

Completing a beneficiary designation form isn’t just about writing a name — it’s a legally binding document, often requiring strict adherence to formatting, signatures, spousal consents, and deadlines. The Department of Labor report highlights that paper forms have “a 15 % to 40 % error rate” (e.g., incomplete, unsigned, ambiguous). Some plans also require spousal consent before naming another beneficiary. Always verify that the financial institution has accepted and recorded your form.

9. Coordinate across all accounts

Each account has its own beneficiary designation form. Be sure they all align with your overall estate plan. “I often see people update their will but forget to check their 401(k) or IRA,” says Megan Gorman, Founder of Chequers Financial Management. “The result can be uneven distributions that don’t match the person’s intentions.” Here are a few coordination tips:

• When changing a will or trust, revisit every beneficiary form to ensure alignment.
• Avoid naming different children or percentages on different accounts unless it’s intentional. Over time, account balances may diverge, leading to unintended disparities.
• If you plan to leave assets to a trust, confirm the trust is drafted correctly to qualify as a “see-through” trust under IRS rules.
• Do not assume default designations by financial institutions will honor your wishes — they often won’t.

10. Communicate your decisions

Even properly completed forms can cause confusion if no one knows they exist. Tell beneficiaries or your executor where to find documents and how to access accounts. “Don’t assume people will know where your papers are kept,” says Anthony Burke, Senior Director at MetLife. “Clear communication reduces stress and delays for your loved ones.” Additionally, including a cover memo or letter of explanation can help reduce delays or confusion among beneficiaries or administrators.

Beneficiary designations may look simple — just a name or two on a form — but their implications are anything but trivial. From accidentally leaving assets to an ex-spouse to triggering costly tax consequences, mistakes can easily undermine your best intentions.

Insure You Know

If you haven’t reviewed your designations lately, now is the time. At Insure You Know, we believe smart insurance and estate planning go hand in hand. Taking a few minutes today to update your beneficiaries can spare your family confusion, conflict, and financial hardship tomorrow.

What Happens to Your Digital Assets After You Die?

September 24, 2025

We spend so much of our lives online that it’s easy to forget just how much we’ve tucked away in digital spaces. Photos on Google Drive. A lifetime of emails. Bank apps, crypto wallets, even the music and books we’ve bought but never actually “own.” All of these things add up to what people now call your digital assets.

The tricky question is: what happens to them when you’re no longer here?

A Hidden Part of Your Estate

Think about how a traditional estate works. You leave a house, some savings, maybe a car, and your family knows how to claim those things. But with digital property, it is different. Passwords lock things up. Privacy laws keep companies from handing over your accounts. In many cases, providers do not even recognize heirs unless you have given explicit permission.

That means your online life, all those accounts and files, might just sit there untouched. Some platforms will eventually delete them. Others freeze them in time. And unless someone has the right access, even valuable things like cryptocurrency can disappear forever.

Why Families Struggle

It is easy to imagine the problems. Maybe your daughter knows you kept all the family photos in your Google account but cannot get past the two-factor authentication. Or perhaps you held a few thousand dollars in a crypto wallet that requires a private key only you knew. Even something as simple as canceling a subscription can be a nightmare if nobody has your login.

The result? Frustration, wasted time, and sometimes permanent loss.

The Law and the Fine Print

Adding to the confusion are the laws and service agreements. In many places, executors do not automatically get digital access. US states that follow a law called RUFADAA allow it only if you have given written consent, usually in your will. Big tech companies add another layer: Google lets you set up an Inactive Account Manager, Facebook has legacy contact settings, and Apple has its own Digital Legacy program. If you do not turn those on, your family may have no options.

So between legal barriers and tech restrictions, the default outcome is often nothing happens and accounts remain locked away.

How You Can Plan Ahead

The solution is not complicated, but it does take a little thought:

• Make a list of important accounts. It does not have to be detailed, but your family should at least know what exists.
• Decide who should handle them. Pick someone you trust and tell them they will be your digital executor.
• Write it into your will. A line or two giving that person authority can make a big difference.
• Use built-in tools. Set up legacy contacts where available. It only takes a few minutes.
• Keep access information safe. A password manager with emergency access, or a sealed note in a safe, works better than trying to share details in casual ways.

The key is to make sure someone you trust knows how to act when the time comes.

One practical way to protect your digital legacy is by using a secure service like InsureYouKnow. It allows you to store important documents, account information, and passwords in a safe, encrypted digital vault. You can control who has access and receive reminders to keep your records up to date, making it easier for your loved ones to manage your digital assets according to your wishes.

Why It Matters

Digital assets are not just about money. Sure, cryptocurrency or an online business can carry real financial weight, but the sentimental side matters just as much. Family photos, voice notes, or personal letters stored in an inbox can be treasures to those you leave behind. Without a plan, those things may vanish into the cloud forever.

By setting aside an hour or two to prepare, you can spare your loved ones unnecessary stress and give them access to the parts of your life that matter most.

Ask or Be Asked: Executor of an Estate

March 2, 2022

An executor of an estate is someone called upon to settle a deceased individual’s financial affairs. In your will, you may name a close relative, friend, accountant, attorney, or financial institution to act as executor of your estate. You also may designate co-executors—more than one person to handle your affairs. If you are asked to be an executor, consider it a great honor. But at the same time, keep in mind that it is also a great responsibility.

You should select an executor with integrity and good judgment. The law requires an executor to act in the estate’s best interest—known as “fiduciary duty”—even if they are also an heir, which is often the case. You’ll need to make sure they understand and are prepared for the job. 

The Duties of an Executor of an Estate

An executor’s responsibilities can vary depending on the complexity of your estate, and the decisions you designate in your will. Following are some of the duties an executor of an estate performs.

• Locate the last will and file it in probate court
• Obtain certified copies of the death certificate
• Notify the state department of health of the death if a funeral home, crematorium, hospital, or nursing facility has not
• Distribute assets to beneficiaries
• Pay creditors
• Issue notices of death to banks, government agencies, and insurance companies
• File final tax returns
• Maintain property until the estate is settled
• Arrange care for any pets
• Make court appearances on behalf of the estate
• Notify current employer, if applicable
• Notify the deceased’s beneficiaries of the probate hearing
• Keep accurate records
• File the final accounting with the court and close the estate

As an executor, you may discover you need to hire a professional such as an accountant or attorney to help value and distribute certain assets, including:

• Assets with disputed ownership
• Business interests
• Royalties
• Out-of-state assets
• Complex investments

Ambiguities in a will and substantial bequests to a minor also may require a professional’s expertise, which your estate will pay customarily.

The Decision to Serve as an Executor

If you are asked to serve as an estate’s executor, realize that it is a great honor and a great responsibility. Consider your decision carefully before you agree. Think about the time commitment as well as the skillset and temperament required to perform the duties. Find out why the person asked you to serve as an executor and discuss his expectations for you to fill this role.

With this disclosure, you should be able to decide if you are qualified for the job and your fulfillment of an executor’s duties will be appreciated.

Compensation Considerations

Many executors perform their duties without compensation, especially if they are one of your estate’s beneficiaries. But executors can get paid for their work, and this arrangement is more common if the executor is a person outside your family or if settling your estate requires significant expenses such as travel, filing court documents, or overseeing the sale of your real estate.

Another option for you is to limit in your will the fees to a specific dollar amount. Or you may specify the payment of reasonable fees based upon state law.

Typically, executors can expect to get paid once the estate is settled. If they incur out-of-pocket expenses, such as utilities, property taxes, insurance, and storage fees before the estate is settled, they can usually reimburse themselves during their estate administration. But again, compensation is a subject that should be spelled out before you accept an executorship. Spending down any estate monies can be an area of great sensitivity, especially if heirs believe their inheritance was reduced because of your executorship.

InsureYouKnow.org

When you select an executor of your estate who accepts the responsibility to carry out your wishes regarding your estate upon your death, ask yourself the following five essential questions. Let the executor know if the answers can be found on your InsureYouKnow.org portal.

1. Where is your original will? If you keep your will in your house, be specific about where to find it. If you filed it with your attorney, provide contact information. Don’t store it in a safe deposit box, where it may be difficult to access after your death. You should share your InsureYouKnow.org access credentials with the executor of your estate to be able to find a copy of your will online.
2. Who should be notified? Compose a list of people and organizations with contact information for your executor to contact. If you keep this list at InsureYouKnow.org, you can update it regularly.
3. What are your passwords and access codes? Let your executor know how to retrieve your passwords and access codes for email, social media, other media accounts, cellphones, and computers. Store and keep this data current at InsureYouKnow.org.
4. Who will receive your possessions? If you have nonfinancial items such as family recipes, photos, heirlooms, and memorabilia, keep details with designated recipients at InsureYouKnow.org.
5. Do you have any secret items? Let the executor or another person you trust know if you possess personal items that need to be dealt with on a confidential basis. Such items may include correspondence, photos, or documents personal in nature. You can keep a secure list of these items at InsureYouKnow.org.

Selecting a trusted executor to carry out your will is an important part of estate planning. Experts recommend updating your will every few years to make sure it still reflects your chosen executor and decisions to be carried out after your death. If you need to create or update your will, you can file copies at InsureYouKnow.org.

Whether you are the person asking or are the person being asked to be an executor of an estate, carefully consider and execute the responsibilities and duties required.

Financial Advisors 101

November 26, 2019

Have you wondered if you need a financial advisor? Are you puzzled about the type of financial professional you need to help with investing, financial planning, selecting insurance, repaying debt, education funding planning, tax planning as well as estate and retirement planning?

Many titles, including robo-advisor, broker, investment advisor, and financial planner are used to describe financial advisors who help clients manage their money and achieve long-term financial goals. Although there is crossover among all groups, and many financial advisors hold multiple credentials, they can be described in general as follows: 

1. Robo-advisors

Robo-advisors use computers to select and manage your investments. Some offer access to human advisors to answer questions, but their primary service is investment management, not financial planning.

Fees start as low as 0.25% of your balance and most charge 0.50% or less. Many have no or low account minimums, so you can start investing with a small amount of money.

Consider whenyou need help investing for financial goals like retirement, but don’t want or can’t afford a more holistic financial plan.

2. Online financial planning services

Relatively new to the market, these services offer investment management in conjunction with virtual financial planning. Clients typically meet with financial advisors by video or phone and receive comprehensive financial plans.

Fees, based on how much money is overseen for you, are described as “assets under management,” or AUM, that might range from 0.25% of your account balance to 1% or more, depending on the type of advisor you choose. 

Consider when you are interested in investment management, a comprehensive financial plan, and ongoing access to financial planners for less than the cost of a traditional in-person advisor. 

3. Traditional financial advisors

Working directly with clients to help them meet their short- and long-term financial goals, traditional financial advisors recommend specific investments and insurance products and may provide tax advice. In most cases, you’ll work with an advisor in your local area.

Fees will be based on a median financial advisor fee of about 1% of the assets managed for you, although some charge by the hour or have a set rate per service. Some require a minimum balance, such as $250,000 in assets.

Consider when you want specialized services, your situation is complex, or you want to meet your financial advisor in person.

4.  Brokers

Brokers work for broker-dealers—firms in the business of buying and selling securities (stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and other investment products) for customers. Brokers are required to make “suitable” recommendations for clients.

Fees are typically a mix of commissions and an advisory fee for portfolio-management services. Each firm has its own compensation formula. Statements show advisory fees and transaction costs. 

Consider when you need guidance or broad advice on funds or stocks, or on how to divide your assets among stocks and bonds based on your age and risk tolerance.

Tips for finding the best financial advisor for you

Once you’ve decided which type of financial advisor is best for your situation and budget, you can start your quest of finding an advisor appropriate for you. 

You should interview a few financial advisors before choosing one. Ask questions (including ones about philosophy on financial planning and investing, experience working with clients like you, and the number of years in practice) and check out their credentials and disciplinary history.

To vet a registered investment advisor, visit the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission database, search an individual’s name, and find information on qualifications, employment history, disciplinary actions by regulators, and criminal convictions. 

When you’re ready to seek a financial advisor’s assistance, prepare by arming yourself with your personal financial data and specific questions to find the right pathway. Then, you can store quarterly and annual reports as well as investment portfolio changes at insureyouknow.org.

6 Reasons You Should Hire a Lawyer to Write Your Will

October 15, 2018

It’s easy to procrastinate when it comes to writing your will. Not only is it unpleasant to think about your own death, but also determining how to distribute your assets sounds like a complicated process. You may not even know where to begin.

But begin you must. Creating a will and storing it somewhere safely like InsureYouKnow.org is one of the most important things you can do for your loved ones. A will ensures your wishes are carried out as you intended and your family is provided for and protected once you are gone.

Luckily, writing a will is actually a fairly simple process—especially if you get professional assistance. While you may be tempted to write one yourself using one many of the do-it-yourself kits available online, hiring an attorney who specializes in estate planning usually is the wisest decision.

Here are 6 reasons you should hire a lawyer to write your will:

1. Your estate is complicated. If you have a very simple estate, you may be able to write your own will. But in general, that applies to a small pool of people. If you have significant assets, minor children, your own business, or other complicating factors, you definitely want to let a professional handle your will.
2. You don’t want any mistakes. When it comes to your will, you want to make sure all your i’s are dotted and t’s are crossed. From getting the wording exactly right to making sure all your documents are properly signed and witnessed, there are a lot of steps involved in creating a valid will. Make sure it’s done right the first time so your loved ones aren’t dealing with a headache later.
3. You want to save money. True, hiring an attorney isn’t cheap. Generally speaking, a lawyer will probably charge around $1,000 to draft your will—and it might cost more depending on your circumstances. But a lawyer also will talk you through various tax strategies that can save you and your family money in the long term.
4. You need more than a will. When you use a basic template or create your will online, you’re getting a will. End of story. But an attorney will help you create a comprehensive estate plan. This will include your will along with a number of other important documents, such as a health care power of attorney and a financial power of attorney.
5. You don’t know all the laws. Legal documents are complicated. Different states have different requirements. And the laws are always changing. There’s a reason lawyers are paid the big bucks: They know the laws, and they stay on top of them. A lawyer will worry about the details on your behalf.
6. You haven’t thought everything through. You have a basic plan for your assets. You know who’s getting the house and how your savings will be divided up. Great! But who’s going to take care of your dog? What happens if you outlive one of your heirs? Lawyers have seen all these situations play out in real life and know how to address them in your estate plan.

Once you’ve created all your estate plan documents, it’s important to store them in a safe place and let your loved ones know where they are. At InsureYouKnow.org, we promise to keep all your critical files safe and secure. Simply upload your documents to our portal and let someone you trust know how to access them. Life is complicated; we help you uncomplicate it.